Le Mans and Canada

What a weekend’s motor racing; a close finish at Le Mans and an epic drive by Jenson Button from 21st place to win the Grand Prix of Canada. Eurosport’s TV commentators cheerfully admitted they weren’t born the last time Le Mans was that close. Well, it was 1969 and it was 1.5sec or so, against a yawning 14sec this year. It was not quite the first time a driver has come from last to first in a grand prix. Jim Clark did not win the Italian Grand Prix of 1967 but like Button’s drive yesterday, it was perhaps his best race ever. Button won on almost the last corner. Clark lost.


Ickx and Oliver snatch victory in tight finish

From ERIC DYMOCK : Le Mans, June 15: The Guardian

Amid scenes of excitement almost unprecedented in motor racing, Jacky Ickx of Belgium and Jackie Oliver of England won the Le Mans 24 hour race today on the Circuit of the Sarthe. In the final hours they raced neck-and-neck with the survivor of the German Porsche team, driven by Herrman and Larrouse, for one of the most prestigious wins in the whole 47-year history of the race.

Incredibly, the two cars battled wheel-to-wheel for the final two hours, the Slough-based, Gulf-sponsored Ford snatching victory through reliability in the face of the German team’s superior speed. Porsche led until 11 o’clock this morning and with 21 hours of high speed running behind them, the car driven by by Vic Elford and Richard Attwood looked sure to win, with its team-mate, the German-crewed Lins-Kauhsen car, in second place. Then, within the space of 20 minutes, both cars failed with transmission trouble.

Porsche still take the annual world manufacturers’ championship, but the Ford GT 40, the same car with which Pedro Rodriguez and the late Lucien Bianchi won this race last year, battled to the finish against the remaining fragment of Porsche s most determined effort to win Le Mans…

With the final refuelling stops between midday and the end of the race at 2 p.m., the Porsche and the Ford closed on each other. When the Ford called at its pit, the Porsche passed. Then the Porsche refuelled for the last time and, with Herrman and Ickx driving, the two cars went round the 8½mile course with first one in front, then the other.

Two cars still racing after 23 hours is like extra time in a Cup Final or winning the Open on the last green. The enclosures were packed to capacity and the crowd in a ferment as the two cars sped round, cropping fractions from their lap times, out-braking each other for the corners. They caught up momentarily on Mike Hailwood in the second GT 40, who was fighting off the Beltoise-Courage Matra for third place and might have detained the Porsche to take pressure off Ickx.

Victory in the tyre war was at stake, with the Porsche Dunlop and the Ford on Firestone, and the fuel giants battled it out with the Porsche on Shell, and the Ford on Gulf. The Ford won virtually by a decimal place - a tenth of a kilometre, or a second-and-a-half - after 5,000 kilomctres of racing.


I took this picture of the start at Monza from the press tribune at the top of the grandstand. Clark (Lotus-Ford 49) is on pole on this side of the track, Brabham (Brabham Repco V8) in the middle, Bruce McLaren (McLaren BRM V12) on the outside. (Chris Amon (Ferrari V12) and Dan Gurney (Eagle-Weslake V12) are on the second row. Eventual winner John Surtees (Honda V12) is on row 4.

Jim Clark led the Italian Grand Prix of 1967, lost a lap in the pits, then caught up the entire field by overtaking every other car, some twice. It was an unimaginable accomplishment unique in modern grand prix racing. Effectively he raced a full lap ahead of everyone else up till the last lap when his car faltered for lack of fuel. It was an astounding display in an era when cars were closely matched and races decided in terms of a few seconds, on a circuit famous for close racing and yards-apart finishes. Once again Clark displayed that enormous faculty he had for self-control: outwardly calm, inwardly burning with a source of energy that improved his performance with every peak on the graph of indignation or frustration or whatever his motivation was. These were the occasions when he was able to show the world just how much ability he held in reserve, to the despair of his competitors.


Monza was nearly a famous victory, but his fuel pumps failed to collect the final few gallons in the bottom of the tanks. At first he blamed Colin Chapman, and after the crowds had stopped mobbing the winner, John Surtees in a Honda, and himself as the moral victor, he rounded on Chapman for miscalculating the fuel required for the race.

His soaring adrenalin level left Chapman the victim of a tongue-lashing that revealed a side of Clark rarely seen in public. Ten years before when the Berwick and District Motor Club had, as he saw it, cheated him out of a proper acknowledgement of his skill, he had had to defer to its authority. Now the authority was his and Jim Clark was very, very cross.

from: Jim Clark, Tribute to a Champion Now available as an ebook from Waterstones or on Amazon Kindle

Ecurie Ecosse at Le Mans

Ecurie Ecosse never really got enough credit for winning Le Mans. Twice. In 1956 and 1957. I have been revising and updating our Jaguar book before publishing it as an ebook.
Wagers on the 1956 Le Mans 24 Hours would have received short odds on a win by the works Jaguar D-types. Hawthorn and Bueb, Fairman and Wharton, and Frère and Titterington looked formidable. The engines had the new 35-40 cylinder heads (inlet valves inclined at 35 degrees, exhausts at 40 degrees), raising power output from 186.32kW (250bhp) to 205.07kW (275bhp). However, within five minutes of the start two of the works cars were out, when Paul Frère’s collided with Jack Fairman’s at the Esses. The Hawthorn/Bueb car suffered misfiring due to a fault in the new Lucas fuel injection and dropped back. Fortunately Jaguar had a second string. It had disposed of former works cars to the Scottish team Ecurie Ecosse, a compliment to its organiser David Murray, acknowledging his loyalty to Jaguar since creating the team in 1952. Ninian Sanderson and Ron Flockhart saved the day by winning in an “old” car.
The following year Flockhart and Bueb led a clean sweep of four D-types. Yet another was 6th, making Jaguar’s domination of the world’s greatest sports car race complete. The factory had withdrawn from racing and in recognition of having saved its reputation in 1956, Jaguar secretly lent Ecurie Ecosse one of the latest factory 3.8 litre fuel injected engines. Its 212.53kW (285bhp) made one car comfortably faster than any of the other D-types, including Ecosse’s own second car with carburettors. Against all the odds Ecurie Ecosse won again, covering 4397.28km (2732.42miles), its weaker second string D-type only 122.31km (76miles) behind. They had outpaced or outlasted 54 of the world’s best sports racing cars. Flockhart was paired this time with Englishman Ivor Bueb, Jock Lawrence from Cullen co-drove the other car with Sanderson, and there were five Jaguars among the first six finishers, the only interloper a 3.8 Ferrari in 5th place.
BODY open 2-seater; 2-doors, 2-seats; weight 880kg (1940lb).
ENGINE 6-cylinders, in-line; front; 83mm x 106mm, 3442cc; compr 9:1; 206.56kW (277bhp) @ 6000rpm; 60kW (80.5bhp)/l; 358Nm (267lbft) @ 4000rpm. 1957 see text
ENGINE STRUCTURE two chain driven ohc; aluminium cylinder head, cast iron block; 3 twin choke Weber DCO3 45mm carburettors; 1957 Lucas fuel injection see text; 2 electric fuel pumps; Lucas coil ignition; 7-bearing crankshaft; dry-sump lubrication; 15.9l (3.5gal) oil tank.
TRANSMISSION rear wheel drive; 19.05cm (7.5in) Borg and Beck hydraulic triple dry plate clutch; 4-speed synchromesh gearbox with helical teeth; hypoid final drive 2.53 for Le Mans; alternatives 3.54:1, 2.53:1; 2.69; 2-pinion differential.
CHASSIS brazed 50ton tensile steel tubular detachable front sub-frame; stressed skin 18-gauge magnesium centre section monocoque; ifs by wishbones, torsion bars; rear axle on trailing arms, transverse torsion bar, anti-roll bar; Girling telescopic dampers; hydraulic Dunlop 32.38cm (12.75in) disc brakes; rack and pinion steering; 163.7l (36gal) flexible fuel tanks; Dunlop light alloy perforated disc wheels with knock-off hubs; 6.50-16 Dunlop racing tyres.
DIMENSIONS wheelbase 229.4cm (90.3in); track 127cm (50in); length 410.21cm (161.5in); width 165.9in (65.3in); height 79.06cm (31.125in) at scuttle; 114.3cm (45in) over fin; turning circle 10.67m (35ft); ground clearance under the engine 13.97cm (5.5in).
EQUIPMENT full-width Perspex windscreen
PERFORMANCE (1956) maximum speed 183mph at 6000rpm on 2.79 axle; 54.42kph (33.9mph) @ 1000rpm for Le Mans; 0-100kph (62mph) 7.0sec; fuel consumption 18.8-23.5l/100km (12-15mpg).

Greatest Racing Driver Debate

Jim Clark (Lotus-Ford) Zandvoort, 1967 Greatest racing driver debates now would include Michael Schumacher, whose seven world championships eclipse Juan Manuel Fangio’s five, Alain Prost’s four or the three apiece of Jack Brabham, Jackie Stewart, Niki Lauda, Nelson Picquet and Ayrton Senna. But in 1993, during a debate at the National Motor Museum Beaulieu, the vote went to one who raced before there was ever a formal world title, Tazio Giorgio Nuvolari. Above: The Sunday Times 28 February 1993. Click to enlarge. It’s different now of course. There are more races now than there were before. Drivers are technicians, more jet fighter pilots than Spitfire pilots, in computerised toboggans that wouldn’t fly without Playstation controls. Jensen Button, Lewis Hamilton, Mark Webber and Sebastian Vettel need a deeper understanding of electronics than the visual acuity, sense of balance or natural dexterity vital to drivers who changed gears in mechanical gearboxes and felt the attitude of a car through the seat of their pants. With 1970s technology it was relatively easy to get into a racing car and set a decent back-of-the-grid lap time. I did it myself. Getting on to the front row and racing wheel-to-wheel was different. That needed competitive spirit and raw courage to see where the limits were. You had to go beyond them to find out and that was risky. I wasn’t good at risk. Nuvolari was the bravest driver, which probably swung the jury at Beaulieu. Fangio, Clark and Senna didn’t need valour. They probably didn’t know themselves what made them so good. They just knew everybody else was slower. They could invoke that combination of hand, eye and cool detachment that remains inexplicable even to aviation medicine specialists who analyse aptitudes for space flight. It is what separates a decent back-of-the-grid lap time from a world champion. D-type Auto Union, final flower of the V12 mid-engined 2985cc car of the team Nuvolari drove for. Shown by Audi at a press launch in 2008, this is essentially a perfectly built replica of the Roots supercharged 1939 car, giving 485bhp @ 7000rpm.

Renault Grand Prix


Renault engines seem to be everywhere in F1. It is hard to believe Renault has been in it for the best part of three decades although, as this item (below, click image to read) from May 1995 shows, it was in motor sport even before grand prix racing.

Renault set up a commemorative expedition to Le Mans in 2006 with “Agatha”, the closest thing to the 1906 racers, all of which have been lost. One of ten built, at $8,500 each for William Kissam Vanderbilt Jr to compete in the Vanderbilt Cup races on Long Island in 1908, Agatha is only 7.4litres but as I discovered aboard the venerable racer leaps off the line with astonishing vigour. With pistons the size of biggish teapots, the crankshaft turns at between 1,200rpm and 1,800rpm, yet pulls with the low-speed strength of a steam engine. Changing gear is ponderous, accomplished with a certain amount of clunking and heaving of the big lever, even in the practised hands of owner German Renault dealer Wolfgang Auge.

Renault Director of PR Tim Jackson lends a hand
The great car’s first owner was Harry Payne Whitney, Vanderbilt’s cousin and heir to a cotton gin fortune. It then passed to mining millionaire Robert Guggenheim, before coming to Britain before the first world war for Lord Kimberley, famous surgeon Sir Harold Gillies, then collector Marcus Chambers of Clapham. The value of all old racing cars collapses when they are no longer eligible for competition, and Chambers, later motor sport manager of the British Motor Corporation (BMC), bought it at the bottom of its cycle. He advertised it in Motor Sport of August 1935 under Veteran Cars as: “1907 Sports Renault, £30 or offer.”

Brothers Anthony and John Mills, named it Agatha, and when Anthony a Royal Air Force squadron leader was killed soon after D-Day it was sold to Charles Dunn until auctioned in 1992 to Wolfgang Auge. It is now almost priceless.

Newly created Renault Sport F1 will supply engines and technology again for 2011. As well as engines it will research transmissions and kinetic energy recovery systems (KERS). The new division is Renault’s response to changing engine regulations, operating from Viry-Châtillon and will supply engines to Red Bull Racing. The 2010 drivers’ and constructors’ world champions has used Renault engines for four seasons and has extended the partnership for a further two. Renault will equip Lotus Renault GP, previously the Renault F1 Team that won world championships in 2005 and 2006 and 1 Malaysia Racing Team (UK) Ltd, a new customer, which made its F1 debut this year. It will have Renault engines and Red Bull Technology transmission.
Renault took part in 29 Formula 1 World Championship seasons, winning nine Constructors’ world champion titles including Red Bull’s this year. Renault engines achieved 23 podium finishes in 2010, including the first three at Monaco and they have won three of the last six world championships.

Tom Walkinshaw


I met Emerson Fittipaldi and Tom Walkinshaw on a series of races in Brazil 40 years ago. Emerson went on to win two world championships and two Indianapolis 500s. Tom won the 1984 European Touring Car Championship in a Jaguar XJ-S, setting up Tom Walkinshaw Racing (TWR) as the basis for a business empire in Britain and Australia. In the space of six years his Jaguars won three World Sports Car Championships and two Le Mans 24 Hours’ races. He married my sister-in-law. Tom died yesterday Sunday 12 December 2010. Emerson, happily, is still with us.

Both were born within months of one another in 1946; Emerson in São Paulo, Brazil, Tom at Mauldslie Farm, near Carluke, Scotland. Both had turbulent careers. Emerson catapulted to fame through Formula 2 and Formula 1 with Team Lotus, relatively safe in a racing car until the 1990s, when he had a big accident at Michigan International Speedway. Barely recovered, he then crashed his aeroplane, from which he was fortunate to escape with his life although suffering severe back injuries. When I knew him first he was married to Maria Helena, then came Teresa, later still Rossana.

Tom moved into Formula 3, driving a Lotus, then broke his left ankle in a works March. He had a lot of accidents and recuperating in my Putney flat met Elizabeth, still a 17 year old schoolgirl. He was a gritty determined driver in Formula 2 and Formula 5000, and shone brilliantly at the wheel of a Capri in the British Touring Car Championship. In 1976 he formed TWR and won the European Touring Car Championship. His ascent in team management was swift and lucrative. Tom drove hard bargains but you got your money’s worth. He ran squads for several manufacturers, sometimes simultaneously, building up an impressive business empire despite a broad-minded view of racing regulations. In 1983 his Rover Vitesses won all eleven races, only to be deprived of the British Saloon Car Championship for what were either technical infringements or flagrant breaches of the regulations, depending how you read them. Tom read them with the utmost care.

TWR’s crowning achievements were with Jaguar, first with XJ-S in the European Touring Car Championship, followed by the triumphs at Le Mans and the World Sports Car Championships. Tom had a sure touch with people, not only in securing the services of engineers such as Tony Southgate and Ross Brawn, but also when he moved into Formula 1 with drivers Michael Schumacher and Damon Hill. TWR consultancy accomplished production runs of cars for Volvo and created the Bloxham factory that Ford took on for making the Aston Martin DB7.

Tom’s ambitions were boundless but Formula 1 proved his undoing. As engineering director of Jordan he was again scrutinised for technical infringements in 1994. His electronic aids were suspect. Adventures with the Arrows team led to more trouble and the liquidation of TWR. Tom made friends on his way to the top then lost them on the way down. He had set up a number of car dealerships and as chairman of the British Racing Drivers’ Club persuaded it to invest in the Silverstone Motor Group. Innes Ireland and Sir Jackie Stewart were among his severest critics.

Tom is mourned affectionately by Gloucester Rugby Club, which he owned. He was divorced from Elizabeth, with whom he had a son and was married to a Belgian girl. Tomorrow’s obituarists will have a field day. Apologists will claim he was much misunderstood, which is true. He was uncompromising and tough yet capable of surprising generosity of spirit. When Craig married Emma, Aunt Elizabeth flew the newlyweds off in Tom’s helicopter. Craig paid tribute. “I was one of his biggest fans. But you could see how difficult he could be if you weren’t family.”

Aunt Elizabeth Walkinshaw - pilot

Hitler's Mille Miglia


BMW Car has done a good layout for my feature on The 1940 Mille Miglia BMW 328. This was the car that took part in what has, perhaps unkindly, been called Hitler’s Mille Miglia. It wasn’t. It was Mussolini’s. BMW Car has unearthed a poster for what the Italians called the First Gran Premio Brescia delle Millia Miglia. Maybe they changed the name because they thought the Germans might win. Which they duly did. Top: A Sunday Times column featuring the exquisite 2-seater I drove in 1993. No wonder Sir William (as he became) Lyons cribbed the style for the XK120. Below: I photographed the 328 in front of one of my favourite hotels, Turnberry, Ayrshire, where in 1952 I saw it win, driven by Gillie Tyrer. I was quite young and impressionable.