Beware Greeks - or Chinese


If the Greeks had been smart they would have built their Trojan Horse inside Troy. No need to get the Trojans to wheel it in. They could have taken over a workshop and the siege would have been over in minutes. The Chinese are cleverer. They are getting cars into Europe using old factories and Trojan soldiers. An Italian car dealer, Massimo di Risio, plans to make cars from China's Chery Automobile at a Sicilian factory Fiat abandoned. In Britain China's SAIC Motor Corporation is building MGs at Longbridge in the old Austin plant bought from MG Rover. The Chinese are desperately negotiating a takeover of Saab, with a splendid factory in Sweden, which is being resisted by its former proprietor General Motors. In Bulgaria, according to Automotive News Europe, Great Wall Motor will have three locally made models ready next year. In China, Chery Quantum, a joint venture of Chery and Israel Corporation, is going to ship compact cars and a Sports Utility to Europe under a new brand called Qoros.

This aims at 300,000 a year, about three times what Saab was making. The Chinese have found it difficult to meet Western standards for quality, safety and fuel economy, so Chery Quantum has got respected Magna Steyr in Austria to develop prototypes. AVL, also Austrian, is creating engines.

The Chery Quantum Trojan Horse will be manned by Volker Steinwascher, former head of Volkswagen North America. He has already recruited German executives, notably a former designer of BMW Minis, Gert Hildebrand. Steinwascher says Chery Quantum won't match Western driving dynamics and technology, but will use more basic technology to make cars between €11,000 and €15,000. The company will be exporting by 2013, by which time Great Wall in Bulgaria will have come on stream and di Risio's factory in Sicily could be sending rebadged Chery models outside Italy.

In the 1980s the Japanese Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (JAMA) came to a gentleman’s agreement with the Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders (SMMT), which limited Japanese imports to roughly one car in ten sold in Britain. The Japanese set up joint deals, for example between Honda and British Leyland, but in due course it was easier to establish manufacturing. Britain and Europe is now replete with Japanese car factories. One of China’s fastest growing manufacturers, Geely, will be selling in Britain by the end of the year. It will operate from an office shared with The London Taxi Company through its distribution arrangement with Manganese Bronze Holdings plc (MBH). Geely already owns Volvo, but with MBH it will sell £10,000 Emgrand EC7s through a dealer network Geely Auto UK. MGH and Geely are partners, building London black cabs in Coventry. The Chinese have been quick to notice that there are no longer any frontiers. Troy should, once again, brace itself.
(Below) Saab Phoenix waits to rise from the ashes.

Saab 9000

Saab is in a bit of trouble again. Can’t seem to pay its way. Yet it is one make of car for which drivers feel affection. It forged relationships with journalists through events that involved lots of driving. In 1985 Ray Hutton, then editor of Autocar and I did more than 1000 miles in a few days. Best of luck Saab. It deserves better. Saabscene was Saab GB’s magazine in 1985

One of the few disadvantages attached being a relatively small manufacturer is that new car launches are few and far A between. As is common knowledge, the, Saab 9000 is the company’s first all new model for 17 years.
The larger manufacturers have not only infinitely greater financial resources but also the ability to draw together a larger demonstration fleet. For this reason, Saab has to make the most of every opportunity to present its developments to the press in the most attractive and imaginative manner possible. It has done this to remarkably good effect.
Leningrad, Baja California, Prague and most recently, the North Cape are four of the fascinating destinations chosen by Saab Scania to demonstrate Saab’s durability, roadholding or innovative design to the world’s press. But it’s not just a question of choosing an exciting location for a launch; a comprehensive itinerary to provide the journalists with a thorough examination of the car is essential.
We reproduce here, by courtesy of Fast Lane, Eric Dymock’s impressions of the 9000 Turbo 16 en route to the North Cape. [Saabscene]
Saab’s 9000, due in the UK in October, proved to be the ideal transport for Eric Dymock’s foray north of the Arctic Circle. Fast Lane
Spain or the Seychelles are all very well, but you can’t expect people to be surprised any more. These days everybody’s been to Spain or the Seychelles, but say you’ve been fishing in the Arctic and see what happens. No need to waitfor a gap in the conversation. Just say, “Look here, I’ve just been fishing in the Arctic.”
You can’t beat it. Spain and the Seychelles become boring. You don’t even need to brandish holiday snaps. In fact better forget about holiday snaps because the place is about as photogenic as the Falkland Islands unless you actually like brown (earth), white (snow) and grey (sea and sky).
It is also not much use holding up a picture and saying you shot this at lam. Everybody knows about the midnight sun. Much better to tell about having dinner with Erik Carlsson one night and finding it broad daylight outside. “Ah well,” says Erik, “we’ll just have to keep drinking till it gets dark.”
Which is about September.
Erik Carlsson of course can mean only one car — Saab. And it was to show how good the Saab 9000 is for long, fast, tough drives that they hit on going to the ends of the earth. It is about the latitude of Alaska and Siberia, and well north of the Arctic Circle, making Iceland look almost tropical. It is fortunately milder than Alaska and Siberia on account of the Gulf Stream which one would have thought had lost most of its warmth by there but apparently not.
Further north you cannot go, in Europe at any rate, without falling over the edge. North Cape is a sheer 307 metres into if not quite the abyss that used to so worry ancient man, at least into the Arctic Ocean which must be about as inhospitable, Gulf Stream or no Gulf Stream.
We flew on a scheduled airline to Helsinki then by private charter to Rovaniemi, smack on the Arctic Circle. From there we set off in Saab 9000s across into the northern part of Norway and up to North Cape, some 350 miles further towards the Pole as a very frostbitten crow would fly, or about 550 miles the pretty way.
I must say I expected dirt roads, I suppose something like a gigantic Kielder Special stage, but for the most part the surf aces were quite splendid. They were tarmac, except where the ravages of winter were being repaired, and virtually free of traffic. You had to watch out for the occasional elk; one traffic injury in six in Scandinavia is caused by wandering animals and when they are elk-sized you have to take them seriously.
As we forged north through drenching rain, mild summer sunshine, high snow banks, and chill Arctic night, the forests thinned out. It was like going beyond the snow-line part-way up Everest. (This is a bit of artistic licence: I’ve never been part-way up Everest). Actually the trees get smaller before they disappear altogether, more like scraggy stunted broomsticks about two feet tall.
Up on North Cape itself it is scaly bare rock and except for the snow looks rather like the surface of the moon. I haven’t been on the moon either; it is what I imagine it would look like. Neil Armstrong driving the lunar rover would hardly have come as a surprise.
There are some cars that exactly fit the job in hand. I remember years ago Joe Lowrey, a distinguished Technical Editor of Motor, said of the Panhard 24CT that if he lived at one end of the Ml and had to commute to the other he could think of no better car. It had good aerodynamics, high gearing, and a very economical 848cc flat twin engine. He also said he could think of no other circumstances whatsoever in which he would like to drive or own one.

The Lunar Rover must be a bit like that: fine on the moon but not much use anywhere else. Now the Saab, for this journey was sensationally good. It is one of these cars which, when the going gets a bit rough and tumble, or the surfaces deteriorate, or the weather
closes in, or the going gets slippery you feel, “Never mind. This thing won’t let you down. It’s not going to stop out here miles from anywhere. It’ll cope with anything and it won’t need any special skill to get out of trouble. And my goodness, isn’t it FAST.”
Driving very quickly indeed over these empty roads in Europe’s last great wilderness the turbo never got much of a chance to slow down, so the huge reservoir of power at the top end of the rev range was always in use; great long surges of speed in fourth and fifth taking you up to the maximum of over 22Okph (137mph) with great swiftness. How very satisfactory to find a car so ideally suited to the grand tour; I can think of almost nothing that could do this sort of job better, a true road car with 61 per cent of the weight in the front. It is beautifully stable, with little body roll and that wheel-at-each-corner feel that suggests a car developed by a driver such as Erik Carlsson, rather than one churned out by the cost accountants. You lope along and come to an. unmade stretch, slackening speed only a little, confident in the knowledge that the good ground clearance and the clean underside together with the big wheels and supple springing will all cope. Saab must have learned a lot about making strong cars when Erik was rallying them.
So like Joe Lowrey’s Panhard, the Saab does have one wholly ideal role. And conversely while there is hardly anything about it which is dislikeable, there are some aspects at which the market will look askance. Like most of its forebears for example, it is not a car designed with much of an eye to haute couture. The Swedes are far too practical for that. It has been designed, as you might expect like an aircraft, strictly for practicality, giving aerodynamics their place in the scheme of things but rejecting extreme solutions that get in the way of really important considerations such as seeing out. The 9000 does away with the feeling you get in the 90 or 900 of looking out through a letter- box slot.
However the result is a rather anonymous shape, which lacks the striking dignity of the new Mercedes-Benz 200-300 or the feline grace of the Jaguar. How often one has to compare any car in this class with these two bench-marks of automotive excellence. The Saab does look good from some angles, but by and large it does not appear distinguished.
Saab is fond of pointing out that it is a large car by the American Environmental Protection Agency’s standards of measurement. Subjectively it feels spacious enough in the front although the back seat cushion falls a bit short of a size suitable for lounging. Perhaps it helps the measurement from back cushion to front seat-back to have it like that.
The sweep of the broad, flat facia panel, curving into the central console is less successful aesthetically than the superb arrangement of the 900 with its splendid aircraft-style instruments grouped carefully according to function. That surely was one of the best-designed layouts ever. The 9000 has rather a lot of black with nothing to fill the space; if they didn’t surrender to the stylists outside it is surprising to find they have done
so inside. They have also given in to idiot American owners who became tired of instructing parking attendants in the mysteries of the Saab ignition key which locked the car in reverse. This highly effective thief deterrent has now been abandoned in favour of a conventional steering column lock which can be unpicked by any competent thief in about thirty seconds.
It is hardly relevant to discuss how close or how distant a relative of the Lancia Thema and the Fiat and Alfa Romeo Type Fours the Saab 9000 is. It is distinctively hallmarked as a Saab which is what was intended even though the differences of opinion between the engineers on what constituted a Saab and what Lancia turned out wider than anyone thought when the co-operative venture was conceived in the mid-Seventies.
Long-haul fast driving with the turbo boost well up much of the time is thirsty work for a 16-valve 2-litre. Just as well that the intercooler is reducing the temperature of the ingoing charge, really. Besides getting more oxygen in you can’t help feeling it must help prevent the whole lot melting down into one glowing incandescent mass.
Fuel consumption for nine cars over 550 miles averaged out at 22.3mpg, one pussyfooter getting 31.0 and a couple of hooligans around 17 and I refuse to be drawn on their identity. [This was Ray Hutton and me]
Taking fish from the Arctic can hardly be described as exciting sport, most of the cod etc seeming only too pleased to come up into the comparative warmth even if their eyes bulged a bit when you took the hooks out. Fighting denizens of the deep kept clear of the small group of hacks dangling their lines from the twin-hulled diesel Saab had thoughtfully arranged to take us to the northernmost tip of the Continent.
You can’t help thinking that what with no frozen lakes in June, real trees that grow real leaves, no elks and hardly a trace of snow, Britain is, as any meteorologist worth his isobars will tell you, comparatively mild.

Saab GB 50 Years


Saab GB 50 years
GM’s musical chairmen failed Saab. A perceptive review in Automotive News Europe by Richard Johnson argues that GM’s policy of rotating senior executives didn’t work. European premium companies like BMW and Audi prospered because single-minded leaders stuck to their task. Johnson hypothesises that what he calls the “great man theory” of automotive history, installing a Ferdinand Piëch say, did not provide strong, independent leadership at Saab.

Quite right. When I was doing the Saab fifty-year book in 1997 I met some of the bright Americans given the job of turning Saab into a high-earning brand. They had great ideas but as Johnson says, they were pulled back into the GM hierarchy too quickly. None of them lasted, leaving the bean-counters to force Saab into component-sharing with Opel. Ford didn’t coerce Jaguar into badge engineering and although in the end that didn’t work either, it was for different reasons. Audi shares plenty of bits with others in the VW Group but Piëch ensures it is so subtly done nobody, apparently notices. Or if they do they don’t care. Remember the fuss when the Aston Martin DB7 was spied with Granada switchgear.

Classic Saab. The RAC Rally winning 96
Saab loyalists, like 1990s PR director Peter Salzer, whose support for our book was crucial, praises two Americans who ran Trollhättan in the 1990s, Dave Herman and Bob Hendry. Herman was American, but he had not worked in the United States since 1975, and never in Detroit. He had been in London, East Europe, Russia, Belgium, Chile and Colombia. In 1989 he was in charge of GM’s European parts operation in Rüsselsheim when Europe president Bob Eaton sent him to Saab. Herman fumbled a press conference over Saab’s image but he proved a strong advocate.

Walsall-born Keith Butler-Wheelhouse, who had attained stardom by leading a management buy-out of GM South Africa, followed Herman in 1992 until handing over to Bob Hendry in 1996. Determined to get a feel for Saab, Hendry spent his opening weeks driving all the cars in the Trollhättan museum. He decided Saab needed to improve its image. “The brand had the same kind of potential as BMW,” Hendry says. “There was no reason Saab could not have the same level of profit and brand loyalty.” But the quirky image had to go: “No customer likes to think of himself as quirky.” Not sure about that.

The preserved 96 ready for the Roger Albert Clark Rally
Another head of Saab PR, Olle Axelson who went to a similar job at Volvo in 2000, called Hendry “…the best CEO of a car company I've ever met. He got the team together; he got sales up.” When Hendry arrived, Saab sold under 90,000 worldwide, down from 134,000 in 1987. By the time he left, global sales were back to 133,000. Hendry lasted until 2000, replaced by Swedish Peter Augustsson until 1 April 2005 and the arrival of Jan-Åke Jonsson (born Valdemarsvik, 1951), who remains.

Most memorable press launch, the 9000 to North Cape. I ran one in the 1990s.
There really is only one Piëch – engineering genius, motivator, executive, shrewd perhaps ruthless entrepreneur – yet had any of the above been left to get on with rebuilding Saab, they might have attained Piëchian distinction. They were never allowed. Engineers tried to make Opels drive like Saabs without quite managing it. Stylists could make cars that looked like Saabs but the robust Swedish life force, quirkiness even, wasn’t there and now Saab is in the hands of Spyker and Victor Muller.

There is hope. One of his first moves was to secure a supply of some of the world’s best engines. From BMW.

National Treasures in a National Treasury. Stuart Turner and Eric Carlsson, Saab 96, in the RAC Pall Mall.
Automotive News Europe is good. It agrees with this blog on the premature election of the Nissan Leaf as Car of the Year. Richard Johnson is astute. Reach him at rjohnson@crain.com

SAAB Gadgets



Saab had some good tricks. The heat battery that I described in in The Sunday Times of 9 February 1992 really worked but seems to have atrophied. It was a niche product I suppose that was not going to be big outside Sweden. Traction control was demonstrated convincingly on a frozen lake and now everybody’s got it. Driving on ice under Erik Carlsson’s tutelage was memorable. Saab arranged occasions like this well, removing for ever the wrong-headed conviction that skill would always outwit electronics. True it is sometimes better to have switchable traction control, and the newest cruise controls that hit the brakes if a car veers into your path can be unnerving, but they work. How many lives have been saved by anti-lock brakes? Real lives really saved, not guessed at by self-appointed safety campaigners. Incalculable. Leave improvements to engineers and ban lobbyists.

Saab



SAAB

You can’t help thinking Saab is marking time with its new 9-5. The appearance is improved now they’ve got rid of the clumsy chrome surrounds for the grille and headlights. They have rung some changes in the engines and you have to believe Jan- Åke Jonsson, Saab Automobile’s Managing Director when he says, “This car is the start of a new era for our brand.”

It could scarcely be anything else. Given the dire state Saab was in as part of General Motors, it probably marks the end of an old era at the very least. It was only in June that General Motors Corp confirmed a memorandum of understanding for the purchase of Saab Automobile AB by Koenigsegg Group AB.

The sale, expected to be complete by the third quarter, included $600 million from the European Investment Bank (EIB) guaranteed by the Swedish government. More support will come from GM to pay for day to day operations and invest in new products. That means this 9-5 announced in Frankfurt. It must have been in the final stages of development when GM was planning to move production to the Opel factory in Rüsselsheim.

“This is yet another significant step in the reinvention of GM and its European operations,” intoned GM Europe President, Carl-Peter Forster extremely relieved to get shot of the embarrassing little Swedish firm. GM had never been able to make a go of it since buying 50 per cent in 1989 and the remainder in January 2000. He said, “Saab is a highly respected automotive brand with great potential. Closing this deal represents the best chance for Saab to emerge a stronger company. Koenigsegg Group's unique combination of innovation, entrepreneurial spirit and financial strength, combined with Koenigsegg's proven ability to create world-class Swedish performance cars in a highly efficient manner, made it the right choice for Saab as well as for General Motors.”

Well he couldn’t say anything else.

Part of the transaction was for GM to provide Saab with architecture and powertrain technology during what was described as a defined time period. This must now mean Saab producing the 9-5 in Trollhättan, but who is going the buy the things during a “defined time period” however long or short.

The Konigsegg deal is bizarre. Founded by Christian von Koenigsegg in 1994, it is a tiny outfit that makes the 395 kph (245mph) CCX at Angelholm, southern Sweden, in a former Swedish Air Force hangar. Norwegian entrepreneur Bard Eker owns 49 per cent through his holding company Eker Group AS. Koenigsegg made 18 cars last year, Saab around 90,000. Koenigsegg employs 45 people, Saab 3,400.

Saab has made cars in Trollhattan since 1949. The 9-5 and 9-3 built in Trollhättan, the 9-3 Cabriolet by Magna Steyr in Graz, Austria.

The announcement of, “The most technically advanced Saab ever” has a hollow ring. Saab is careful to say it was conceived, built but only “chiefly” developed in Sweden, and will compete head-to-head with leading premium class competitors. It can at best be interim and its on-sale date of 2010 means Trollhättan is being hastily reorganised to make it. How difficult to shift the company culture back from dreamy aerospace to what Saab really did best, quirky all-Scandianavian relatively low-tech but high-quality mid-range saloons.

“Dramatic wraparound window graphic echoes Saab’s aviation heritage. With styling inspired by the award-winning Aero X concept car and a muscular, low-slung stance, the new 9-5 heralds the introduction of a bold and expressive design language.” They really can’t get out of the rut. “Aircraft-inspired head-up information display (HUD) - fuselage-smooth surfacing of the bodywork - deep grille flanked with curving, ice-block headlamp units. The entire glasshouse is presented as a ‘wraparound’ mono graphic: the disguised windshield and side pillars giving the cabin Saab’s signature cockpit look. In this interplay of proportions, the windshield and roof are reminiscent of the classic 900 model.”

Saab, like Jaguar, was one of the classic makes that lost its way under big corporate ownership. Ford and GM did not quite know how to keep the good bits and manage the money side. There were too many cooks in Detroit, and the broth was spoiled. The 9-5 will probably be a perfectly good car but it remains to be seen if the European Investment Bank’s $600million will be enough, or if Sweden is going to see yet another Phoenix Four emerge to turn a profit out of a crisis.

Dove Publishing produced the award-winning SAAB HALF A CENTURY OF ACHIEVEMENT 1947-1997. See www.dovepublishing.co.uk.